Module f (formatted string literals)

Format strings contain “replacement fields” surrounded by curly braces

{}

. Anything that is not contained in braces is considered literal text, which is copied unchanged to the output. If you need to include a brace character in the literal text, it can be escaped by doubling:

{{

and

}}

.

Example:

f:‘{2+2:3}’

gives

‘  4’

.

replacement_field ::=  "{" f_expression [":" format_spec] "}"
format_spec ::= ["<"](width["."precision] | "."[precision])
width       ::= digit+
precision   ::= digit+

In 11l all fields by default are right-aligned regardless of their type {…in Python only numbers are right-aligned by default, and strings are left-aligned (which makes less sense in 11l because e.g.

f'{n:10,}'

in Python corresponds to

f:‘{commatize(n):10}’

in 11l, and

commatize()

returns string)}.

<

forces the field to be left-aligned.

Preceding the width field by a zero (

0

) character enables zero-padding (e.g.,

f:‘{2+2:03}’

gives

‘004’

).

There are no types (like

d

or

f

in Python).

Also note how paired quotes are come in handy:

print(f:‘Id: {row[‘id’]}’)